Desktop Technology Training
Infrastructure Subtask -- Training Group
DRAFT -- December 11, 1997
4.0.0 DESKTOP TECHNOLOGY TRAINING 2
4.2.0 Effective Training 2
4.2.1 Effective Training Deliverables 2
4.3.0 Training Program Delivery Management System 4
4.3.1 Catalog/Class Schedule 5
4.3.2 Publication/Production 5
4.3.3 Enrollments 6
4.3.4 Class Delivery 7
4.3.5 Class Completion Process 8
4.3.6. Generation of Reports 8
4.3.7 Class Evaluation 9
4.4.0 Training Program Products and Services 9
4.4.1 Baseline Training for End-Users 10
4.4.2 Baseline Training for Technical Support Staff 10
4.5.0 Training Program Roll-out Timeline 11
4.5.1 Initial Roll-Out Phase -- 2/98 through 6/98 11
4.5.2 Phase II of Implementation 11
4.6.0 Outstanding Training Implementation-Related Issues 12
4.0.0 Desktop Technology Training
This section addresses the issues related to the technical training of CSU faculty, staff and students. This training will be directed at end-users as well as the technical support staff that serve them either directly in first-level support roles, or in second or third-level support of system-wide and campus-based networks and desktop technologies.
4.1.0 Purpose
One of the primary goals of the California State University (CSU) Integrated Technology Strategy (ITS) is to provide training on those data, voice and video technologies that make up the baseline technologies to be supported by the California Educational Technology Initiative (CETI).
The purpose of this section is to provide an overview of how the CETI training program will be developed and implemented. Specifically it will describe:
The Training Management System to be used in delivering the training program.
The training products and services that will be made available to the CSU community.
A timeline for the training program roll-out
A description and status of the outstanding issues related to delivering the CETI training program.
4.2.0 Effective Training
The CETI training program will use at its primary point of reference, the following set of deliverables. The Effective Training Deliverables are intended to describe in concept, those characteristics that must be present in any CETI training program if it is going to effectively meet the needs of the end-users. As the training program evolves, these deliverables will serve as a point of reference and at periodic steps along the way, program staff will compare the component parts of the training program to these deliverables to make sure that these criteria are being met.
4.2.1 Effective Training Deliverables
If members of the CSU community are to make proper and effective use of information technology in the pursuit of their administrative, teaching, and educational goals, they must be properly trained to do so. Within the category of effective training, there are a series of deliverables. These are:
b. Define the respective roles of CETI and campus support groups with regard to training, through collaboration between representatives of these support groups. Support to technology users in the CSU will be provided both locally and centrally. In order to ensure that all important training needs are addressed, and make sure that inefficient redundancy is minimized, the representatives of the various support groups must work together to identify the role that each support unit will play in user training.
c. Utilize existing and/or develop/purchase training tools appropriate to the more global needs of the institution as well as the specific needs of the students, faculty and staff of the CSU. Since each constituency within the campus community has unique needs, it is critical that training tools be acquired or crafted such that these unique needs are adequately addressed.
d. Provide appropriate training and development for trainers. A commonly overlooked component of training programs is the need to make sure that trainers have the teaching skills required to effectively convey the desired information. It is very important that trainers be supported with training and development resources sufficient to make sure that they can perform their duties effectively and comfortably.
e. Train students, faculty, and staff. Having identified the training needs of campus technology users; acquired and/or created the training tools; and prepared the trainers for the task, the next step is to begin training the members of the CSU community on the effective use of the baseline information technologies. It is anticipated that over the course of the partnership, training will be offered in multiple modes -- on-site and over distance, in classroom settings as well as individual computer-assisted sessions -- and on various media including but not limited to, video, audio and text.
f. Conduct periodic evaluation of trainers and training tools. Once training has commenced, the program will need to be fine-tuned in order make sure that user needs are being adequately addressed. To this end, evaluation of the training effort is crucial to ensure that those being trained and those doing the training are comfortable with the training processes being utilized.
g. Conduct on-going assessment of training programs. Having determined through program evaluation, whether or not the training processes are meeting the needs of the trainers and the trainees, it is equally important that an assessment of the training effort take place. This is necessary because it is important to make sure that the training program and its component parts are achieving the desired effect in that the trainees are not only comfortable with the training methods but that they are learning the intended lessons.
h. Modify training program(s) to achieve maximum effectiveness, based on results of evaluation and assessment efforts. Having determined whether or not the training processes are addressing user needs and whether or not the users are acquiring the desired knowledge and skills, it is necessary to take the information gleaned from the evaluation and assessment efforts and feed it back into the on-going development of the program. This feedback is intended to inform the decisions related to identification of training topics, development and/or acquisition of training tools, and/or the training and development of trainers.
Additionally, the results of the evaluation and assessment processes should be used to inform the procedures for acquisition of information technology tools. With the rapid evolution of information technology, there will continue to be a proliferation of tools available for purchase by CETI. To the extent there are options in the selection of appropriate hardware and software, decision makers should include the training effort required, as one of the selection criteria.
4.3.0 Training Program Delivery Management System
In order for any training program to be effective and efficient, it must be easily accessible and accountable to participants throughout the CSU, yet manageable on a centralized basis. To this end a Training Management System (TMS) will be implemented to support the CETI training program. The Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM) of implementing the proposed TMS Model (see Attachment 1) has been built on the following assumptions:
The people interacting with the TMS will be identified as:
~ Participants (CSU staff, faculty and student end-users as well as technical support staff).
~ Training Coordinators (curriculum developers, program developers, scheduling specialists, data entry specialists)
~ TMS Administrators (system analysts, system administrators).
The TMS must provide for a centralized database that operates over a WAN with remote nodes at each campus; centralization will allow for adherence to standard business rules and standard data formats.
Each campus will have LAN capability to support multi-user access via various modes (LAN, intranet, telephone)
Operating system software and basic desktop suite of software is already available.
The TMS application software will be a Commercial-Off-the-Shelf (COTS) product.
Appropriate server hardware and network infrastructure are in place to support the TMS application software.
The TMS will have an interface with CSU Human Resource database(s) to obtain personnel data for enrollment and billing purposes.
Currently no training records exist, thus no data conversion effort is required.
The TMS will provide five concurrent application software licenses per campus (23 campuses x 5 licenses = 115 total licenses) for the purpose of training coordination and system administration.
The TMS will be composed of the following components in order to serve CSU technology training needs:
A means to publicize and advertise training products and services.
Regular enrollment statistics to allow training coordinators to plan, coordinate and deliver training products and services.
A mechanism for CSU community members to acquire training.
A means for tracking participant enrollment, recording of final participant status and maintenance of training history.
A mechanism for automatic billing for training products and services that are provided on a charge-back basis.
4.3.1 Catalog/Class Schedule
The TMS Administrators will develop and maintain a comprehensive and integrated database of all training courses and services. The database will be maintained such that information is current, accurate, and nonredundant. All data will be organized to facilitate dissemination via Intranet, enterprise e-mail system, or hard-copy publication.
b. A systematic process will be defined to allow Training Coordinators to directly populate the centralized database with new course descriptions, other training activities, as well as services.
c. On a continuous basis, Training Coordinators will plan the delivery of classes. The TMS will facilitate the scheduling of classes by providing Training Coordinators with input about class load, waiting lists, number of participants requesting classes, and other related scheduling information so that an accurate forecast of course offerings can be made. A "notes" or "comments" function will be provided to document unique conditions and circumstances associated with individual courses and classes.
d. The database will track the following resources, at a minimum, needed to delivery a class:
2. class sites
3. class material
4. audio/visual equipment
5. price per class; furthermore, multiple prices per class will be provided and seamlessly integrated
e. At the local level, the TMS will assist in maintaining inventory control of documents, hand-outs, forms, and materials needed to support various course offerings. When possible, the TMS will provide electronic storage of such material, suitable for direct input to a publishing house for just-in-time publication, thereby minimizing physical storage inventories.
4.3.2 Publication/Production
The TMS will be the repository of data for marketing and advertising purposes. All course and class descriptions will reside within the TMS. As such, the data will be easily accessible for dissemination through a variety of mechanisms.
b. Dissemination through the Intranet - a course catalog and schedule of class offerings will be available on a WEB home page. This concept will be further extended to allow participants to view their personal transcripts, browse the schedule of class offerings, and enroll directly via the Intranet. Furthermore, a chat room will be established to collect student comments and suggestions.
c. Dissemination via e-mail and electronic bulletin boards - data from the TMS can be used to compose e-mail messages for advertising purposes.
d. Additional dissemination methods - on-line browsing of class offerings, on-line enrollment, on-line viewing of personal transcripts.
4.3.3 Enrollments
The TMS will handle all aspects of participant enrollment.
b. The TMS will provide for a "notes" or "comments" function on a per participant basis to document unique conditions and circumstances related to a particular participant.
c. The TMS will have an interface with the CSU Human Resources Personnel Database to obtain the most recent participant personal data. This would include participant address; telephone number; and, if applicable, the students billing code. The billing code will be compatible with the CSU enterprise accounting system and will thus facilitate direct billing for training services.
d. Moreover, the TMS will allow for enrolling personnel not normally maintained in the CSU Human Resources Personnel Database. That is, participants from organizations outside of the CSU audience can be accommodated in a seamless and transparent manner.
e. Participants will be able to enroll in classes through a variety of methods.
2. The standard enrollment form will also be available in an electronic form suitable for e-mail transmission.
3. The TMS will include an intranet capability allowing participants to browse for classes and services and to enroll directly via the Intranet.
4. The TMS will provide an enrollment capability that uses a touch-tone telephone system.
f. The enrollment form will provide evidence of approval by the purchaser. Approval can be accomplished by signature of purchaser on hard-copy forms or by electronic validation at predesignated purchaser control points.
g. The TMS will include functions that will perform the following:
2. automatic generation of class rosters with participant information included
3. automatic generation of attendance lists for all sessions of a class
4. automatic generation of blank class final completion form (for instructors)
h. The TMS will provide automatic alerts to Training Coordinators of the following conditions:
2. minimum enrollment threshold as a function of "deadline date"
i. The TMS will provide for a wait list capability to capture enrollments in excess of maximum enrollment. The wait list will be sorted by receipt date of the enrollment form and will be used to "fill-in" any openings that may arise. The priority for filling class openings will be:
2. previous wait list
3. unique conditions and circumstances associated with the candidate
j. The TMS need not provide for automatic rescheduling of participants. However, a user friendly display of class listings will be provided to enable the Training Coordinator to easily determine the next available class.
4.3.4 Class Delivery
The TMS will assist Training Coordinators in Class Delivery. On a weekly basis, the TMS will extract data and prepare a report listing all classes scheduled to commence in the upcoming week. Enrollment counts per class are reviewed and a final "GO" or "NO-GO" is decision is made for each class.
b. A "NO-GO" decision requires that the instructor and all registered participants be notified of class cancellation and subsequent rescheduling. The TMS will generate cancellation and reschedule letters.
Much of the activity associated with a "GO" decision are handled by the Training Coordinators. This includes at least the following:
b. course material (e.g., participant workbooks)
c. attendance lists for all sessions
d. certificates
e. evaluation sheets
f. name tents (i.e., place cards)
g. classroom setup
h. attendance data maintenance
i. participant message process (i.e., providing a process to handle contacts with participants during class)
j. refreshment arrangements
The Training Coordinators provide assistance to the instructor and participants to ensure a successful class delivery. Upon class completion, the Training Coordinators work with the instructor to return the following information for recording into the TMS:
b. attendance data
c. late enrollments or last minute substitutions (participants not on original class roster)
4.3.5 Class Completion Process
The class completion process attends to all administrative details and activities needed for the orderly closure of a class. The process consists of three main functions:
b. Billing each participant. The TMS Administrators provide for an on-line process to facilitate automatic billing to the students purchasing agent. Billing can be done by several criteria:
2. by date range
3. by class completion status
c. Import to enterprise accounting system. The TMS will allow billing data to be prepared in a file format acceptable for direct import into the existing enterprise accounting system.
4.3.6. Generation of Reports
The TMS will have a report writing capability to provide standard and nonstandard reports. As a minimum, the following standard reports will be produced:
b. Monthly Billing Reports - an internal report for Training Coordinators to review revenue collected for delivered classes. This report is used to ensure that revenue collected for a class covers the cost of class delivery.
c. Program Review Report - an internal summary report for management comparing enrollment and revenue statistics with similar data in the same quarter of the previous year.
d. Ad-hoc reports and customized reports - these reports will be addressed on a case by case basis.
e. Transcripts - a record of training events generated upon request. The TMS will automatically generate a complete transcript of a students training history. Furthermore, participant transcript records will be imported from the TMS to the CSU Human Resources Personnel Database on a regular basis.
f. Certificates - a document generated from TMS. During the Class Completion process, certificates are generated for participants who may not have received one because the participant attended a class through a nonstandard enrollment process (e.g., last minute substitution, walk-in).
4.3.7 Class Evaluation
The TMS will include a workstation dedicated for the processing of evaluation forms and comments from class participants. This will offer valuable feedback in determining effectiveness of training methods, materials, and facilities.
A standard evaluation form will be used. The standard evaluation form contains common questions applicable to all classes Though standard, the form will also contain a section that addresses unique aspects of a given class. This section poses questions that apply only to classes associated with a particular course. Three types of standard evaluation reports are published.
b. Quarterly - there are three standard quarterly reports: (1) a summary combining responses from each class of a given course delivered during the past quarter; (2) a summary combining responses pertaining to each instructor across all classes taught by that instructor; and (3) a summary combining responses for all common questions across all classes.
c. Annual - rolls up data from the quarterly reports during the year through year end.
The CETI training program will deliver a curriculum related to the baseline standards outlined in Desktop and Messaging Section. Each product and service will be described in enough detail so that the end-user will know the topic, the content and the method of delivery, as well as schedule (if applicable) of delivery. These training products and services will be delivered by multiple methods including, but not limited to, on-line tutorials, CD-ROM, and video tapes as well as traditional and distant classroom instruction.
4.4.0 Training Program Products and Services
In order to operationalize the training program CETI will be required to develop training products and services. In the initial program implementation, these products and services will be geared toward addressing the needs of end-users who are utilizing the baseline technologies identified in the Desktop and Messaging Standards. While it is acknowledged that additional campus input is required to determine the full scope and methodology of future end-user training, it is assumed that a phased implementation of standards will occur, and that end-user and technical support staff training on these technologies will be needed immediately and that demand for such training will grow over time.
Later phases of program implementation will focus on the development of training products and services related to technologies other than baseline technologies and to the extent that it is appropriate, development of training products and services related to technologies that fall outside of the scope of CETI.
4.4.1 Baseline Training for End-Users
The baseline Desktop and Messaging Standards will establish standardized operating systems as well as personal productivity and messaging applications for desktop, laptop and network server hardware. The training products and services described in this section are a reflection of these standards and are intended to provide CSU technology users with basic, self-paced training at a very low cost and will be made available during the initial roll-out phase.
The program will include instruction on basic, intermediate and advanced topics related to desktop and laptop personal computing technology. The topics to be covered will include instruction on how to use hardware, software and operating systems on the standard Windows, Macintosh and UNIX desktop and laptop platforms.
Books/CD's Per Course Cost*
Introduction to Windows 95 4 $29.95
Introduction to Windows NT 4 $29.95
Introduction to Macintosh OS8 4 $29.95
Navigating the WWW Using Netscape Communicator 4 $19.99
Navigating the WWW Using Microsoft Explorer 4 $29.95
Introduction to WWW Tools -- Acrobat, Real Audio, Quicktime 4 $0.00
Microsoft Exchange 4 $29.95
Microsoft Outlook 4 $29.99
Microsoft PowerPoint 4 $29.95
Microsoft Word 4 $29.95
Microsoft Excel 4 $29.95
Microsoft Access 4 $29.99
Microsoft Word -- Advanced Topics 4 $29.99
Microsoft Excel -- Advanced Topics 4 $29.99
*Discount pricing is being pursued but has yet to be secured as of this date.
4.4.2 Baseline Training for Technical Support Staff
The training products and services described in this section are a reflection of the baseline standards outlined in the Desktop and Messaging section. These products are intended to provide CSU technology support staff with basic training in supporting the technologies that will be used by the majority of CSU end-users as baseline standards are more widely adopted. This training will be made available during the initial roll-out phase.
Microsoft Certification Course Per Course Cost*
Supporting Windows NT Server 4.0 - Enterprise Tech. 5 $1,795
Core Technologies of Microsoft Exchange Server 5.0 5 $1,795
Supporting Microsoft Windows 95 5 $1,795
Administering Microsoft Windows NT 3 $1,095
Secure Web Access Using Microsoft Proxy Server 2.0 3 $995
Installing & Supporting Microsoft Office 97 2 $850
Supporting Windows NT 4.0 - Core Technologies 5 $1,795
Creating and Managing a Web Server using 3 $1,095
Microsoft Internet Information Server
Supporting Microsoft "Wolfpack" 2 $795
Accelerated Training for Windows NT 5 $1,995
*Discount pricing is being pursued but has yet to be secured as of this date.
4.5.0 Training Program Roll-out Timeline
By its very nature, the CETI partnership will undergo significant change overtime and like all other service deliverables, various components of the training program will be implemented in stages. This section outlines those items that will be implemented during the initial roll-out period and those tasks, to the extent they are known, which will be carried out in later phases if implementation.
4.5.1 Initial Roll-Out Phase -- 2/98 through 6/98
Although full implementation of the CETI training program will require a long-term effort, a number of training-related activities will take place in the initial roll-out phase scheduled for February through June, 1998. These include, but are not limited to the following:
The products and services described above will be made available from predetermined vendors, directly to interested campuses.
b. Development of a Catalog of Available Training Products/Services
The products and services described above represent only the initial CETI offering. A more detailed catalog of offerings will be developed during the initial roll-out period and will include additional products and services as they become available.
c. Initial Development of the Training Management System (TMS)
The TMS Model will be the subject of significant system-wide consultation. During the initial roll-out of the CETI training program, development of the TMS will include, but not be limited to determination of how the program will be administered system-wide and on each campus, evaluation of potential training administration application software, creation of a mechanism for addressing system-wide training policy, and planning for training evaluation and assessment programs.
d. User and Trainer Needs Assessment
To better determine the full scope of the required training effort and to determine the appropriate training methodologies, a detailed needs assessment will be undertaken during the initial roll-out period.
e. Faculty and Participant Consultation
It has yet to be determined what role CETI will play in the training of students and faculty. During the initial roll-out period extensive consultation will occur with representatives of these two critical CSU constituencies to define their attitudes on this issue.
4.5.2 Phase II of Implementation
By its very nature, establishing a system-wide training management system will be a complex undertaking. Effective implementation will require system-wide collaboration between the CETI representatives, campus-based training coordinators and the representatives of CSU stakeholder groups. It is hoped that much of the formative consultation and planning will take place during the initial roll-out period from of February through June, 1998, and that after this period, the agreed upon TMS will begin a phased implementation.
b. Trainer Training
Because of a desire on the part of the CETI partners to provide some level of training support as quickly as possible, the initial CETI training effort will focus on providing user-initiated, self-paced training products. However, it is assumed that more traditional training, using campus-based instructors, will become a key component of the CETI program. To the extent that the Trainer Needs Assessment identifies trainer education as an issue, it will be addressed in the second phase of implementation.
c. Implementation of evaluation and assessment program
Having created the training program, the next step will be to undertake periodic evaluation of the program and its component parts in order to ensure that it is functioning effectively. It will also be critical to conduct periodic assessments of training participants to ensure that they have benefited as expected, from the program.
4.6.0 Outstanding Training Implementation-Related Issues
As the CETI training program evolves, a growing list of related issues will need to be addressed if the program is to achieve the desired goal of providing effective training support to the members of the CSU community. To date, these issues include but are not limited to the following:
Although some campuses have been able to provide adequate end-user training for their students, faculty and staff, this is not the case throughout the CSU. Phase 1 roll-out will be able to address some training needs by providing some individual self-paced training products but it is not expected that these will meet every user's needs. However, it was not possible to conduct a system-wide, end-user needs assessment during Phase 0 and it would be inappropriate to expand beyond the initial Phase 1 offerings without significant input from the campus-based constituencies. Given this, a priority Phase 1 activity will be to design and conduct a detailed needs assessment in order to define end-user needs and begin developing appropriate solutions.
The first assessment step will be to conduct focus groups with a subset of the CSU trainers, training managers, technology end-users -- students, faculty and staff -- and in the case of staff, department managers. The purpose of the these discussions is to identify significant training issues and to then to create a survey instrument that will focus on these issues in more detail. The survey will be distributed to a statistically significant sample of the CSU community and used to identify technology end-user needs. Once the needs have been identified, solutions will be proposed, costed out and implemented as appropriate in subsequent implementation phases.
II. Identification of Desirable "Basic" Skills
There is a wide range of technologies in use throughout the CSU and even though the baseline technologies are a small subset of these, there is no consensus on what technology skills should be considered as "basic" skills that might be required of all users or even of all users within a given constituency. However as baseline desktop and messaging standards are adopted, there will be an expectation that users and technical support staff will be familiar enough with these technologies that they can effectively utilize them in pursuit of their academic and administrative objectives.
Therefore it has been suggested that any training program should address a set of basic skills that would prepare each member of the CSU community with the appropriate basic information technology skills. This issue will be addressed during the formal needs assessment process and to the extent that consensus can be reached, the training program will incorporate this the agreed upon topics.
III. Responsibility for Educating Students
The training of students is the core mission of the CSU and is appropriately the responsibility of the CSU faculty. However, from campus to campus, there is no consistent model for assigning the primary responsibility for training students in the use of information technologies. Some academic departments offer credit courses in basic skills, others offer non-credit courses on these topics, while still others leave such training up to non-academic IT support providers. It is not the intention of CETI to interfere with any existing or future academic program, but instead to provide programs and services that help facilitate student success and to the extent that training of students is a CETI responsibility, the Training Subtask Group will develop programs for providing such support.
IV. Responsibility for Training Faculty
The development of faculty skills in the use of baseline technologies is a primary goal of CETI, however there is no consensus on how this might best be accomplished. It has been suggested that the most effective way to train faculty is by enlisting interested faculty as trainers. To the extent that faculty are used as trainers, such programs are not currently available from the industry partners so they must be developed from within the CSU. Consultation with faculty will take place during the phase I of implementation to determine how best to handle faculty training during later implementation phases.
V. Training on Common Technologies Outside of Baseline Scope
The initial roll-out of the CETI training program will focus baseline technologies. Development of training on the use of technologies that are out scope of the baseline will be considered to the extent that they can be justified from educational and/or financial perspective.