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204. Biology of Speciation (2) Prerequisites: BIOSC 140A-B and 180. Evolution of the species as a unit of biological organization. 208. Biological Field Studies (1-6; max total 6) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Integrated studies or specialized topics, including botanical, environmental, microbiological, or zoological field studies.* Approved for SP grading. * Late Afternoon, Saturday and/or overnight field trips may be required. 225. Molecular Evolution (3) Patterns and processes by which biological molecules evolve. Lecture topics include rates and modes of DNA sequence evolution, molecular phylogenetics, gene duplication, concerted evolution, genome organization, and application of computers to comparative molecular analysis. (3 lecture hours) (Formerly BIOL 189T) 240. Systems Ecology (3) Prerequisites: BIOSC 130, MATH 70. Quantitative approach to the analysis of whole ecosystems including data acquisition and statistical treatment, conceptual and mathematical ecosystem modeling, and computer simulations in FORTRAN or BASIC. No programming experience needed. (2 lecture, 3 lab hours) 241A-B. Molecular Biology I-II (3-3) (Same as CHEM 241A-B.) Prerequisites: BIOSC 140A-B, CHEM 150 or 155, or permission of instructor. BIOL/CHEM 241A is prerequisite for BIOL/CHEM 241B. Current topics in molecular biology are addressed, including protein and nucleic acid structure, DNA replication, transcription, translation, prokaryotic and eukaryotic regulation, mechanisms of exchange of genetic material, and recombinant DNA technology. 242. Techniques in Protein Purification and Analysis (3) (Same as CHEM 242.) Prerequisite: CHEM 151 or 156 or permission of instructor. Corequisite: BIOL/CHEM 24IA. Deals with the technologies relevant to protein isolation, purification, analysis, immobilization, and modification in micro and macro quantities. (1 lecture, 6 lab hours) 243. Nucleic Acid Technology Lab (3) (Same as CHEM 243.) Prerequisites: BIOL/CHEM 241A and 242. Corequisite: BIOL/CHEM 241B. A lecture/laboratory course focusing on the technologies used in nucleic acid chemistry, such as synthesis, translation, mutagenesis, and genetic engineering. (1 lecture, 6 lab hours) 244. Cell Culture and Hybridoma (3) (Same as CHEM 244.) Prerequisite: MICRO 185 or PHYAN 160 and 160L. The theory and practice of in vitro propagation of eukaryotic cells, including growth characteristics, metabolic requirements, and genetic analysis. Cloning, fusion, and generation of monoclonal antibody (hybridoma) are presented relative to cultured cell biology and application to biotechnology. (1 lecture, 6 lab hours) 248. Seminar in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (1-2; max total 4) (Same as CHEM 248.) Prerequisite: admission into the Biotechnology Certificate Program. Reviews and reports on current literature in various aspects of biotechnology and molecular biology. 250. Scientific Research Reporting (2) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Techniques of scientific photography and writing, illustrating emphasized. (1 lecture, 3 lab hours) 255T. Topics in Botany (1-3; max total 8) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of new fields, areas not in current courses, or advanced studies in a given area. (Lecture and/or laboratory) 260T. Topics in Biology (1-3; max total 8) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of new fields, areas not in current courses, or advanced studies in a given area. (Lecture and/or laboratory) 265T. Topics in Physiology (1-3; max total 8) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of new fields, areas not in current courses, or advanced studies in a given area. (Lecture and/or laboratory) 270T. Topics in Zoology (1-3; max total 8) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of new fields, areas not in current courses, or advanced studies in a given area. (Lecture and/or laboratory) 274. Biometry (3) Prerequisite: one statistics class, preferably MATH 101. Application of statistical techniques to biological problems with emphasis on sampling, analysis of variance, experimental design, and regression techniques. Emphasis on analysis of real biological data and interpretation of results. 275. Biogeography (3) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Seminar in descriptive and ecological geography of animal and plant groups. 281T. Seminar in Biological Science (1-2; max total 8) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Reviews and reports on current literature in the various phases of biology. 290. Independent Study (1-3; max total 6) See Academic Placement - Independent Study.* Approved for SP grading. 295. Research (2-6; max total 6) Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Independent research by the advanced graduate student. 299. Thesis (2-4 max total 4) Prerequisite: See Criteria for thesis and project.* Preparation, completion, and submission of an acceptable thesis for the master's degree. Approved for SP grading. * This material not available on the web. Contact pcrosbie@csufresno.edu for further information.
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