You are in the official 2001-2002 General Catalog
for California State University, Fresno.
Department of Biology
COURSES
- Biology (BIOL)
- Biological Science Core (BIOSC)
- Botany (BOT)
- Ecology (ECOL)
- Genetics (GENET)
- Marine Science (M SCI)
- Microbiology (MICRO)
- Physiology/Anatomy/Development (PHYAN)
- Zoology (ZOOL)
- Biology (BIOL) --- Graduate Courses
- Marine Science (M SCI) --- Graduate Courses
- Biology (BIOL) --- In-Service Courses
Biology (BIOL)
10. Life Science (3)
Not open to students with credit in BIOSC 1A. How living things
work and why they work that way. Biology from chemical and physical
foundations to ecological and evolutionary processes. Biology
and its relationship to human affairs. G.E. Breadth B2. (2 lecture,
2 lab hours)
15. An Ecological Approach to Life Science (5)
Concurrent enrollment in GEOL 15, N SCI 15, S SCI 15 required.
Portion of Humans and the Natural Environment Cluster. An introduction
to biological concepts and investigational methods in the natural
environment. Lecture, lab, and fieldwork. See Humans
and the Natural Environment, Natural Science Interdisciplinary
Courses section. G.E. Breadth B2. (HNE program field trip fee,
$300)
100. Nature Study (3)
Not allowable for credit for biological or physical science majors
or minors. Prerequisite: a college level biology course. Evaluation
of natural science programs at the elementary level; optional
opportunities in developing K-9 environmental study material or
designing environmental awareness topics for adult groups; emphasis
on life science programs dealing with the interaction of man and
the biosphere. (2 lecture, 3 lab hours) (Formerly BIOL 101)
110. Human Ecology (3)
The study of the relationships between humans and their environment,
both natural and man-made; emphasis on scientific understanding
of root causes of current environmental problems. (Formerly BIOL
105)
189T. Topics in Biology (1-4; max total 6)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of selected
areas in the field of biology. (Lecture and/or laboratory) (Formerly
BIOL 185T; MICRO 160T)
190. Independent Study (1-3; max total 6)
See Academic Placement -- Independent
Study. Approved for SP grading.
Biological Science Core (BIOSC)
1A. Introductory Biology (4)
Course one of two-semester sequence required of all biology majors.
Thematic introduction to the unifying concepts of life science:
chemical basis of life; cellular processes; energy metabolism;
genetics; evolution. G.E. Breadth B2. (3 lecture, 3 lab hours)
1B. Introductory Biology (5)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 1A. Course two of a two-semester sequence
required of all biology majors. Continuation of thematic introduction
to the unifying concepts of life science: classification and diversity
of life; survey of the living organisms; physiology; ecology and
environmental biology. (3 lecture, 6 lab hours)*
130. General Ecology (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A and 1B; PSYCH 42 or MATH 101. MATH
70 or equivalent recommended. Required of all biology majors.
The structure, function, organization, and regulation of populations,
communities, and ecosystems. The role of evolution in environmental
relationships. (2 lecture, 3 lab or field hours)*
140A-B. Genetics and Cellular Biology (3-4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A, 1B and CHEM 8 or 128A. Two-semester sequence
required of all biology majors. Fundamentals of inheritance and
cellular biology for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems,
including an introduction to the underlying molecular mechanisms.
BIOSC 140A is prerequisite to BIOSC 140B. (A: 3 lecture hours;
B: 3 lecture, 3 lab hours) (Formerly BIOL 130; BIOL 135)
180. Evolution (3)
Prerequisites: senior standing or permission of instructor; BIOSC
130, 140A-B. Required of all biology majors. Evolutionary processes
and patterns. Satisfies the senior major requirement for the B.S.
in Biology. (Formerly BIOL 125)
Botany (BOT)
10. Plant Biology (3)
Not open to students with credit in BIOSC 1B. Structure, function,
and development of plants. G.E. Breadth B2. (2 lecture, 2 lab
hours)
130. Plant Physiology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A and 1B; CHEM 1A or 3A; or permission of
instructor; organic chemistry recommended. General metabolism
and related processes. (2 lecture, 6 lab hours)
131. Vascular Plants (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A and 1B or permission of instructor. Morphology,
reproduction, and evolution of the major groups of vascular plants
(both living and extinct). Emphasis placed upon the seed plants.
(2 lecture, 6 lab hours)
132. Nonvascular Plants (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A and 1B or permission of instructor. Comparative
structure and phylogeny of the fungi, algae, mosses, and liverworts.
(2 lecture, 3 lab hours)
133. Plant Anatomy (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A and 1B or permission of instructor. Structure
and development of flowering plants at the cellular and tissue
levels. (2 lecture, 3 lab hours)
137. Plant Growth and Development (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 140A or permission of instructor. Processes
involved in plant growth with emphasis on the development of form
in higher plants and the experimental approach. (2 lecture, 3
lab hours)
142. Phycology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A and 1B or permission of instructor. Morphology,
cytology, ecology, physiology, economic importance, and cultivation
of the algae. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)*
144. Plant Taxonomy (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A and 1B or permission of instructor. Principles
of plant classification; local flora. (1 lecture, 9 lab or field
hours)*
Ecology (ECOL)
135. Marine Biology (3)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 1B or ZOOL 10. Introduction to the marine
environment with emphasis on the biological aspects; systematics,
ecology, and morphological and physiological adaptations of marine
organisms, especially intertidal and shallow water forms; pollution;
utilization of marine resources. (One field trip required)
151. Terrestrial Ecology (4)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 130. The interaction of organisms and communities
with the physical and biotic environment, with emphasis on the
biotic communities of Central California. (3 lecture, 3 lab or
field hours)*
152. Aquatic Ecology (4)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 130. Physical-chemical features of inland
waters as related to their biology; community structure and function,
ecological interactions, adaptations, and identification of aquatic
organisms. (3 lecture, 3 lab or field hours)*
162. Microbial Ecology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 130 and MICRO 140. Physiological ecology
of microorganisms; interactions of microorganisms with abiotic
and biotic factors in the environment; microbial habitats including
soil, water, and organisms; techniques of microbial ecology (field
and laboratory). (3 lecture, 3 lab hours)*
171. Fisheries Biology and Management (3)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 130; statistics strongly recommended. Ecology
and management of fisheries; techniques for studying fish populations;
quantitative methods for assessing fish stocks; environmental
requirements and habitat improvement methods; acquisition and
application of information to obtain maximum benefit from fishery
resources. Inland fisheries emphasized. (2 lecture, 3 lab or field
hours)*
172. Wildlife Biology and Management (4)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 130. Ecological theory and its use in the
management of wildlife resources. Field and laboratory exercises
designed for the application of techniques used in research and
in making management decisions. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)*
(See also BOT, MICRO,
ZOOL courses.)
174. Systematic Biology (3)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 1A and 1B; BIOSC 140A-B recommended. Modern
theory and methods of phylogenetic analysis applied to the study
of biodiversity and evolution. (2 lecture, 3 lab hours) (Formerly
BIOL 189T)
Genetics (GENET)
120. Introduction to Genetics (3)
Not open to biology majors and students with credit in BIOSC 140A.
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A and 1B or BOT 10. Principles of biological
inheritance, including gene structure, gene function, statistical
methods, problem solving, and human genetics.
142. Molecular Biology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 140A-B; CHEM 150 or 155. The study of genome
structure and fluidity, prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression,
genomics, and bioinformatics. (3 lecture, 3 lab hours)
170. Seminar in Cellular and Molecular Biology (1)
Prerequisites: GENET 142 or permission of instructor. Trends and
breakthroughs in cellular and molecular biology accessed through
the primary literature. (1 seminar hour)
171. Experimental Molecular Genetics
(4)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 140A-B. The nature of genetic information,
its mutation, transfer, and recombination in cells. (2 lecture,
6 lab hours)
172. Developmental Biology (4)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 140A-B. Investigations concerning the variety
of mechanisms acting during the several stages of development
of the living organism, from gamete formation to morphological
and biochemical differentiation of organ systems; emphasis on
differential genetic control. (3 lecture, 3 lab hours)
182. Microbial Genetics (4)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 140A or BIOSC 140B or CHEM 150 or CHEM 155
or MICRO 140. Students not meeting the above prerequisite should
not enroll in GENET 182. Genetic variation, gene transfer, and
regulation of gene expression in model microbial systems and medically
and industrially important microbes. (3 lecture hours, 3 lab hours)
Microbiology (MICRO)
20. Introductory Microbiology (4)
Not open to students with credit in MICRO 140. Prerequisites:
CHEM 1A or 3A; CHEM 3B or 8; BIOSC 1A or BIOL 10 or BOT 10 or
ZOOL 10. Introduction to microbiology; principles and selected
applications. (3 lecture, 3 lab hours)
140. Microbiology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1AB and CHEM 8 or 128; or BOT 10 and CHEM
150. Emphasis on prokaryotes (bacteria); microbial physiology,
genetics, ecology, classification, and identification; applications
of microbiology. Prerequisite to most upper-division microbiology
courses.
(2 lecture, 6 lab hours)
161. Microbial Physiology (4)
Prerequisite: MICRO 140. Structure, function, energy metabolism,
growth, and regulatory mechanisms of microorganisms. (2 lecture,
6 lab hours)
171. Protozoology (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 130, 140A-B. The biology of protozoan organisms.
(2 lecture, 3 lab hours)
181. Bacteriology of Human Disease (5)
Prerequisite: MICRO 140; PHYAN 160 recommended. Bacterial, etiological
agents of human disease. (3 lecture, 6 lab hours)
185. Virology (4)
Prerequisite: MICRO 140; PHYAN 160 recommended. Inquiries into
the unique nature of viruses; methods of analysis, structure,
and replication. Virus-host interactions are described from bacterial,
plant, and animal virus groups. Considerable emphasis is placed
on diagnosis of viruses infecting humans including epidemiology
and viropathology. (2 lecture, 6 lab hours)
(See also BOT 142; ECOL
162; GENET 171; PHYAN
160; ZOOL 148.)
Physiology/Anatomy/Development
(PHYAN)
33. Human Anatomy and Physiology (5)
Three units allowed for students with prior credit in human anatomy;
2 units allowed for students with prior credit in human physiology.
An integrated study of the structure and function of the human
body. (4 lecture, 3 lab hours) (Course fee, $25)
64. Functional Human Anatomy (3)
Not open to students with credit in PHYAN 33. Primarily for students
in the health related and biological professions. The life continuum
from conception to death. A systems approach to the gross and
microscopic structures of the human body. (2 lecture, 3 lab hours)
(Course fee, $25)
65. Human Physiology (5)
Not open to students with credit in PHYAN 33. College chemistry
and human anatomy recommended. Homeostasis in the human body;
how organ systems function to maintain life; dynamic and adaptive
systems at the molecular, cellular, and organ level. (4 lecture,
3 lab hours)
110. Human Reproductive Physiology, Aging, and Death (3)
Human reproduction, structures, functions, and control systems;
the relationship between sexual reproduction and aging; the physiology
and aging of specific systems, such as the cardiovascular system;
medical and cultural definitions of death. G.E. Integration IB.
130. Neuroanatomy (4)
Prerequisites: PHYAN 33 or 64 or 65. Macroscopic and microscopic
study of the structure and functional relationships of the human
nervous system. (3 lecture, 3 lab hours)
134. Histology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A-B. Identification and study of vertebrate
cells, tissues, and organs. (2 lecture, 6 lab hours)
135. Vertebrate Embryology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A, 1B. Morphogenesis of vertebrates from
gamete formation through organogenesis, including physiological
and experimental aspects of development. Laboratory emphasis on
frog, chick, and pig. (2 lecture, 6 lab hours)
140. Neurophysiology (3)
Prerequisites: PHYAN 33 or 64 or 65 or 151 or BIOSC 140B. Function
of the human nervous system with emphasis on molecular mechanisms
of electrical and chemical signaling.
151. Comparative Animal Physiology (4)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 140A-B. Evolution of physiological systems;
functional adaptations to different environments; physiological
principles as applied to animals. (3 lecture, 3 lab hours)
158. Biological Membranes: Structure and Function (3)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 140A-B or CHEM 150 or 155. A study of the
myriad of functions membranes perform with an emphasis on transport.
General structural properties of membranes, including fluidity
and asymmetry, and modification of structural building blocks
which lead to membrane diversity.
160. Immunology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 140A; BIOSC 140B. CHEM 150 or 155 highly
recommended. Principles of mammalian immune response, featuring
the molecular and cellular interactions involved in both humoral
and cell-mediated immunity. Regulatory controls and adverse clinical
conditions involving immune functions are addressed. Experimental
basis of inquiry is emphasized.
160L. Immunology Laboratory (2)
Prerequisites: PHYAN 160 and either BIOSC 140B or MICRO 140. Experimental
illustration of immune response; classical and contemporary immunology
techniques; interpretation and presentation of experimental outcomes.
(6 lab hours)
163. Advanced Human Physiology (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 140B and either PHYAN 65 or equivalent.
Primarily for students in biology and in the health professions.
Advanced study of the cardiovascular, respiratory, excretory,
and digestive systems. Concepts explaining normal functioning
will be emphasized, with presentation of supporting scientific
data. Integration of function of organ systems will be illustrated
through study of specific examples, such as exercise.
165. Endocrinology (3)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 140A-B. A systems approach to the study of
hormone synthesis, secretion, function as intercellular signals,
and their role in both controlling and integrating normal physiological
processes.
172. Pathophysiology (3)
Prerequisite: PHYAN 65 or equivalent or PHYAN 163. An application
of anatomic and physiologic principles in the study of those disturbances
that underlie the etiology and pathogenesis of human diseases.
(See also BOT 130, 133, 137; GENET 172; MICRO 161 .)
Zoology (ZOOL)
10. Animal Biology (3)
Not open to students with credit in BIOSC 1B. Structural and functional
comparison of animals; principles and human implications of inheritance,
evolution, and ecology; physiology as applied to man. G.E. Breadth
B2. (2 lecture, 2 lab hours)
120. General Entomology (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A, 1B. Anatomy, physiology, life history,
and classification of insects and other arthropods. (2 lecture,
3 lab or field hours)*
122. Economic Entomology (3)
(See Plt H 103.)
132. Comparative Vertebrate Morphology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A, 1B. Comparative structure of vertebrate
organ systems; laboratory study of representative vertebrates.
(2 lecture, 6 lab hours)
141. Invertebrate Zoology (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A, 1B. Systematics and phylogeny (based
primarily upon external and internal anatomy) and general ecology
of free-living invertebrates (excluding insects). Includes field
studies of marine and occasionally freshwater habitats. (2 lecture,
3 lab or field hours)*
148. Parasitology (4)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 1A, 1B and CHEM 1A or 3A. A study of the
biology of parasitic organisms, including those of humans. Lecture
topics: life history strategies, infectious processes, epidemiology,
ecology, parasite evolution and phylogeny, diagnosis and treatment.
Laboratory and field exercises: identification and sampling techniques,
taxonomy, investigation of biological processes. (3 lecture, 3
lab hours*)
150. Natural History of Vertebrates (4)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 130. Systematics, distribution, morphology,
behavior, and ecology of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and
mammals. Fieldwork includes capture and sampling techniques, species
identification and habitat analysis, and may require weekend field
trips to coastal, desert, and mountain environments. (3 lecture,
3 lab or hours)* (Formerly ZOOL 113)
152. Animal Behavior (3)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 130; one additional course in ecology or natural
history recommended. Principles of ethology with emphasis on mechanisms
of behavior. (2 lecture, 3 lab hours)*
171. Ichthyology (3)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 130. Ecology, evolution, and diversity of
the fish of the world with emphasis on California fish, freshwater
and marine. (2 lecture, 3 lab or field hours)*
174. Biology of Reptiles and Birds (4)
Not open to students with credit in ZOOL 137 or ZOOL 172. Prerequisite:
BIOSC 130. Ecology, ethology, and evolution of the reptiles and
birds of the world. Encompasses the traditional areas of herpetology
and ornithology. (3 lecture, 3 lab or field hours)*
177. Mammalogy (3)
Prerequisite: BIOSC 130. Ecology, evolution, and diversity of
the mammals of the world. (2 lecture, 3 lab or field hours)*
(See also ECOL 171, 172; MICRO 171; and PHYAN courses .)
GRADUATE COURSES
(See Course Numbering System.
Biology (BIOL)
204. Biology of Speciation (2)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 140A-B and 180. Evolution of the species
as a unit of biological organization.
208. Biological Field Studies
(1-6; max total 6)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Integrated studies or
specialized topics, including botanical, environmental, microbiological,
or zoological field studies.* Approved
for SP grading.
225. Molecular Evolution (3)
Patterns and processes by which biological molecules evolve. Lecture
topics include rates and modes of DNA sequence evolution, molecular
phylogenetics, gene duplication, concerted evolution, genome organization,
and application of computers to comparative molecular analysis.
(3 lecture hours) (Formerly BIOL 189T)
240. Systems Ecology (3)
Prerequisites: BIOSC 130, MATH 70. Quantitative approach to the
analysis of whole ecosystems including data acquisition and statistical
treatment, conceptual and mathematical ecosystem model ing, and
computer simulations in FORTRAN or BASIC. No programming experience
needed. (2 lecture, 3 lab hours)
241A-B. Molecular Biology I-II (3-3)
(Same as CHEM 241A-B.)
242. Techniques in Protein Purification
and Analysis (3)
(Same as CHEM 242.) Prerequisite: CHEM 151 or 156 or permission
of instructor. Corequisite: BIOL/CHEM 241A. Deals with the technologies
relevant to protein isolation, purification, analysis, immobilization,
and modification in micro and macro quantities. (1 lecture, 6
lab hours)
243. Nucleic Acid Technology Lab (3)
(See CHEM 243.)
244. Cell Culture and Hybridoma
(3)
(Same as CHEM 244.) Prerequisite: MICRO 185 or PHYAN
160L. The theory and practice of in vitro propagation of
eukaryotic cells, including growth characteristics, metabolic
requirements, and genetic analysis. Cloning, fusion, and generation
of monoclonal antibody (hybridoma) are presented relative to cultured
cell biology and application to biotechnology. (1 lecture, 6 lab
hours)
248. Seminar in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (1-2; max
total 4)
(See CHEM 248.)
250. Scientific Research Reporting (2)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Techniques of scientific
photography and writing, illustrating emphasized. (1 lecture,
3 lab hours)
255T. Topics in Botany (1-3; max total 8)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of new fields,
areas not in current courses, or advanced studies in a given area.
(Lecture and/or laboratory)
260T. Topics in Biology (1-3; max total 8)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of new fields,
areas not in current courses, or advanced studies in a given area.
(Lecture and/or laboratory)
265T. Topics in Physiology (1-3; max total 8)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of new fields,
areas not in current courses, or advanced studies in a given area.
(Lecture and/or laboratory)
270T. Topics in Zoology (1-3; max total 8)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Investigation of new fields,
areas not in current courses, or advanced studies in a given area.
(Lecture and/or laboratory)
274. Biometry (3)
Prerequisite: one statistics class, preferably MATH 101. Application
of statistical techniques to biological problems with emphasis
on sampling, analysis of variance, experimental design, and regression
techniques. Emphasis on analysis of real biological data and interpretation
of results.
275. Biogeography (3)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Seminar in descriptive
and ecological geography of animal and plant groups.
281T. Seminar in Biological Science (1-2; max total 8)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Reviews and reports on
current literature in the various phases of biology.
290. Independent Study (1-3; max total 6)
See Academic Placement Independent
Study. Approved for SP grading.
295. Research (2-6; max total 6)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Independent research by
the advanced graduate student.
299. Thesis (2-4; max total 4)
Prerequisite: See Criteria
for Thesis and Project. Preparation, completion, and submission
of an acceptable thesis for the master's degree. Approved for
SP grading.
IN-SERVICE COURSE
(See Course Numbering System.)
Biology (BIOL)
302T. Topics in Biology (3; max total 6)
Prerequisite: graduate standing or permission of instructor. Relation
of man to his surroundings; review of concepts, cell, physics
and chemistry of life, energetics, inheritance, evolution.
Moss Landing Marine Laboratories
The California State University began operation of the Moss
Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, California, in the
fall semester 1966. This facility functions as a seaside extension
of the campuses of six cooperating state universities (Fresno,
Hayward, Sacramento, San Francisco, San Jose, and Stanislaus).
It offers full-time coursework in marine biology, oceanography,
and other marine sciences for majors in either the biological
or physical sciences whose objectives include further graduate
study, teaching the sciences, or research in the marine sciences.
Properly qualified upper-division and graduate students may enroll
at the Fresno State campus for a term of instruction at Moss Landing
and earn resident credit for such coursework. See Earth
and Environmental Sciences Department for on -campus coursework
in general oceanography and geology courses related to marine
science.
Space reservation is required for attending Moss Landing Marine
Laboratories. Forms for this purpose are available from the Biology
Department or Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, P.O. Box 223,
Moss Landing, CA 95039. Priority is determined based upon
the date the space reservation form is received at Moss Landing
Marine Laboratories. Since enrollment is limited, interested students
should make early application.
COURSES
Note: The following courses are offered at the
Moss Landing Marine Laboratories. M SCI 103 and 104 are usually
recommended for first semesters of full-time students.
The Biology Department will accept only the following Moss Landing
Marine Laboratories courses for major credit as indicated. Botany:
M SCI 131, 144. Zoology: M SCI 112, 113, 122, 124, 125. Biology
elective: M SCI 103, 104.
Marine Science (M SCI)
103. Marine Ecology (4)
Prerequisites: ecology and statistics (or concurrent registration
in M SCI 104) or permission of instructor. A field-oriented introduction
to the interrelationships between marine and estuarine organisms
and their environment with emphasis on quantitative data collection
and analysis. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
104. Quantitative Marine Science (4)
Prerequisite: college mathematics. The mathematical methods for
analysis of biological, chemical, and physical data from the marine
environment; experimental design, parametric and nonparametric
statistics. (3 lecture, 3 lab or field hours)
105. Marine Science Diving (3)
Prerequisites: upper-division science major; thorough physical
examination; ability to pass swimming test. Skin and SCUBA diving
course; pool-training culminates in 10 ocean dives. Topics include
diving physics, physiology, diving environments, night diving,
and research diving. Successful completion gives NAUI and MLML
certification. (1 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
110. Introduction to Marine Behavior (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 103 or permission of instructor. Basic theoretical
concepts of animal behavior, stressing the causation, development,
and evolution of behavior. Emphasis is on the marine environment.
(3 lecture and 3 lab hours)
112. Marine Birds and Mammals (4)
Prerequisite: upper-division vertebrate zoology; M SCI 103 recommended.
Systematics, morphology, ecology, and general biology of marine
birds and mammals. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
113. Marine Ichthyology (4)
Prerequisite: college zoology or equivalent. Taxonomy, morphology,
and ecology of marine fishes. Both field and laboratory work concentrate
on the structure, function, and habits of marine fishes and the
ecological interactions of these fishes with their biotic and
abiotic surroundings. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
122. Marine Invertebrate Embryology (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 124, cell biology or biochemistry strongly
recommended or permission of instructor. Survey of principles
of developmental biology, concentrating on experimental evidence
obtained using invertebrate material. Laboratory observations
cover the embryology of lower invertebrates, molluscs, crustacea,
enchinoderms, and protochordates. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
124. Marine Invertebrate Zoology I (4)
Prerequisite: college zoology or permission of instructor; M SCI
103 recommended. A field-oriented introduction to the structure,
systematics, evolution, and life histories of the major phyla.
(2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
125. Marine Invertebrate Zoology II (3)
Prerequisite: college zoology or permission of instructor; M SCI
103 and M SCI 124 recommended. A field-oriented introduction to
the structure, systematics, evolution, and life histories of the
minor phyla. (1 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
131. Marine Botany (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 103 recommended. Introduction to the plants
of the sea, marshes, and dunes, with emphasis on the morphology,
taxonomy, and natural history of seaweeds and vascular plants.
(2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
135. Physiology of Marine Algae (4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 103, 131, 144. Develops physiological basis
for understanding the adaptation of marine algae (seaweeds and
microalgae) to their environment. Students will learn modern methods
in physiological research, covering areas such as photosynthesis,
respiration, enzyme activity, and biochemical composition. (2
lecture, 6 lab hours)
141. Geological Oceanography (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 142 or 143 or concurrently. Structures, physiography,
and sediments of the sea bottom and shoreline. (2 lecture, 6 lab
or field hours)
142. Physical Oceanography (4)
Prerequisite: college algebra; college physics recommended. An
introduction to the nature and causes of various oceanic motions
including currents, waves, tides and mixing, and the physical
properties of seawater including transmission of sound and light;
does not require calculus. (3 lecture, 3 lab or field hours)
143. Chemical Oceanography (4)
Prerequisite: one year of college chemistry. An introduction to
the theoretical and practical aspects of the chemistry of the
oceans, including major salts, dissolved gases, nutrient ions,
carbonate system, transient tracers, and shipboard sampling techniques.
(2 lecture, 6 lab and field hours)
144. Biological Oceanography (4)
Prerequisites: general biology and general chemistry. The ocean
as an ecological system. Emphasis is on the complexity of organismal-environmental
interaction of the plankton, the transfer of organic matter between
trophic levels and nutrient cycles. Laboratory includes methods
in sampling, ship board techniques, identification of plankton,
and current analytical techniques. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field
hours)
161. Marine Fisheries (4)
Prerequisite: college mathematics, M SCI 104, or permission of
instructor; M SCI 103 recommended. An introduction to fishery
biology, including the concepts of stock, recruitment, and yield;
emphasizing the parameters abundance, age, growth, and mortality;
discussion of hydrography and fishery ecology, management problems,
world fisheries and mariculture; and collection and analysis of
fishery data. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
173T. Topics in Marine Biology (1-4)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. The study of a selected
area in marine biology (morphology, physiology, ecology, etc.).
Subjects will vary depending on student demand and availability
of instructors. (Lecture and/or laboratory)
174T. Topics in Oceanography (1-4)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. The study of selected
areas in oceanography; subject varies depending on student demand
and availability of instructors. (Lecture and/or laboratory)
175T. Topics in Marine Science (1-4)
The study of a selected area in the marine sciences. The subjects
vary depending on student demand and availability of instructors.
(Lecture and/or laboratory)
177. Microscopic Techniques (3)
Prerequisites: one semester college physics and permission of
instructor. Princi ples and techniques of light and electron microscopy;
consideration of brightfield, darkfield, phase contrast, and interference
contrast light microscopy; episcopic and diascopic illumination
systems; photomicrography; preparation of materials for and operation
of the scanning electron microscope. (2 lecture, 3 lab hours)
180. Independent Study (1-4; max total 6)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Faculty directed study
of selected problems; open to under graduate students with adequate
preparation. Approved for SP grading.
GRADUATE COURSES
(See Course Numbering System.)
Marine Science (M SCI)
202. Marine Instrumental Analysis (4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 142, 143. Theory and use of advanced instrumentation;
advanced field and laboratory techniques for the interpretation
of data collected in marine science research. (2 lecture, 6 lab
or field hours)
204. Sampling and Experimental Design (4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 103, 104. Basic design of experiments and
field sampling, including random sampling, systemic sampling,
subsampling, survey techniques, and design of single and multifactor
experiments using randomized and block experimental designs. (Formerly
M SCI 285T section)
211. Ecology of Marine Birds and Mammals (4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 103, 104, 112. Community approach to the
ecology of marine birds and mammals using experimental and sampling
methodology. Examines the distribution, abundance, trophic ecology,
and behavior of birds and mammals in Elkhorn Slough and Monterey
Bay. (2 lecture, 6 lab hours)
212T. Advanced Topics in Marine Vertebrates (1-4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 112 or 113 and permission of instructor.
Advanced considerations of the ecology, physiology, and phylogeny
of fishes, birds, or mammals; emphasizing current literature and
research. (Lecture and/or laboratory)
221T. Advanced Topics in Marine Invertebrates (1-4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 124 and permission of instructor. Advanced
considerations of the ecology, physiology, and phylogeny of the
various invertebrate phyla emphasizing current literature and
research. (Lecture and/or laboratory)
222. Biology of the Mollusca (4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 124 and permission of instructor. Systematics,
functional morphology, ecology, and physiology of mollusca with
emphasis on marine forms. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
231. Biology of Seaweeds (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 131 or permission of instructor. Lectures-discussions
on marine macroalgal biology with extensive reading of original
literature. Ecologically oriented individual research projects
involving laboratory culture and field experimentation. (2 lecture,
6 lab or field hours)
233T. Advanced Topics in Marine Ecology (1-4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 103 and permission of instructor. Selected
topics and current issues in marine ecology; subjects vary depending
on student demand and availability of instructors. (Lecture and/or
laboratory)
234. Advanced Biological Oceanography (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 144 or permission of instructor. Experimental
techniques in biological oceanography with emphasis on problems
important in plankton ecology. Lectures, labs, and discussions
of current research problems. An individual research project involving
analytical tools will be required. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field
hours)
242. Plate Tectonics (3)
Prerequisite: M SCI 141 or permission of instructor. Historical
background, modern theory, and geophysical evidence of continental
drift; sea-floor spreading and plate tectonics; examinations of
the impact of the recent revolution in historical geology.
244. Paleoceanography (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 141 or permission of instructor. Interdisciplinary
studies of the provenance, biologic, and geologic composition
of marine sediments and of the organisms contributing to their
formation; sedimentary processes affecting these sediments. (2
lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
245. Deep Sea Sedimentation (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 141 or permission of instructor. Study of
the types of marine sediment found in the deepest parts of all
oceans; the sedimentary processes responsible for the deposition,
preservation, and redeposition of these sediments. (2 lecture,
6 lab or field hours)
251. Marine Geochemistry (4)
Prerequisite: quantitative analysis, year of calculus, or permission
of instructor. Geochemical processes in the oceans; thermodynamics
of low temperature aqueous reactions, weathering, oxidation-reduction
and biologically mediated reactions, processes occurring at the
sea floor and air-sea interface. (2 lecture, 6 lab or field hours)
261. Ocean Circulation and Mixing (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 142; college physics strongly recommended.
Mathematical description of the distribution of properties (e.g.,
density, dissolved oxygen) in the oceans relating to physical
and biochemical processes; theory of distribution of variables,
geostrophic method. (3 lecture, 3 lab hours)
262. Satellite Oceanography (4)
Prerequisite: M SCI 142, 144, or permission of instructor; M SCI
263 and computer literacy recommended. Physical principles of
remote sensing of earth's oceans, including satellite systems,
oceanographic applications of satellite imagery, and image processing
methods. Labs involved use PC and Unix workstation image processing.
(2 lecture, 3 lab hours)
263. Application of Computers in Oceanography (4)
Prerequisites: M SCI 104, college math, permission of instructor.
Lecture, discussion, practical experience with a multi-user computer
for marine science applications: use of existing programs and
subroutine libraries; computer communications; scientific programming
for data I/O and analysis. Semester project required. (2 lecture,
6 lab hours)
271. Population Biology (3)
Prerequisites: M SCI 103 and 104 or permission of instructor.
Principles of the interaction among marine organisms which result
in the alternation of population structures, techniques for assessment,
and management of animal populations. (2 lecture, 3 lab or field
hours)
272. Subtidal Ecology (4)
Prerequisites: MLML diver certification and marine ecology; knowledge
of marine algae, invertebrates, and statistics recommended. The
ecology of nearshore rocky subtidal populations and communities
with emphasis on kelp forests; lectures and discussions of original
literature; fieldwork with SCUBA including group projects on underwater
research techniques and community analysis, and individual research
on ecological questions chosen by student. (2 lecture, 6 lab or
field hours)
274T. Advanced Topics in Oceanography (1-4)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. The study of a selected
area in oceanography. Subjects vary depending on student demand
and availability of instructors. (Lecture and/or laboratory)
280W. Scientific Writing (3)
Prerequisites: graduate standing, permission of instructor. Techniques
and strategies of scientific writing used for proposals, journal
submissions, and abstracts of meetings. Students will develop
their writing skills by preparing, editing and rewriting manuscripts.
285T. Seminar in Marine Biology (2; max total 4)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Seminar will be held on
topics changing each semester; each student will be required to
give at least one seminar.
286T. Seminar in Marine Geology (2; max total 4)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Seminar will be held on
topics changing each semester; each student will be required to
give at least one seminar.
287T. Seminar in Oceanography (2; max total 4)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Seminar will be held on
topics changing each semester; each student will be required to
give at least one seminar.
295. Research in the Marine Sciences (1-4; max total 4)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Independent investigations
of an advanced character for the graduate student with adequate
preparation. (3 conference, lab, and field hours per unit)
299. Thesis (1-4; max total 4)
Prerequisite: See Criteria
for Thesis and Project. Preparation, completion, and submission
of an acceptable thesis for the master's degree. Approved for
SP grading.
_______________
*Late afternoon, Saturday and/or overnight field trips may be
required.
Biology
Degrees